Study Notes · Mathematical Tools · Research Foundations

Academic Notes

A structured collection of expository notes on topics related to Statistics and Optimization. Each section contains short introductions and, where available, linked PDF notes with derivations, proofs, examples, and references.

Subjects

Working library.

Probability Theory

Probability spaces · Random variables · Convergence · Conditioning

Notes on the mathematical foundations of probability, including random variables, distribution functions, independence, expectation, conditional expectation, laws of large numbers, and modes of convergence.

  • Probability spaces and random variables
  • Distribution functions and expectation
  • Conditional probability and independence
  • Modes of convergence
  • LLN and CLT
Open Probability Notes

Statistical Inference

Estimation · Testing · Confidence intervals · Asymptotics

Notes on point estimation, sufficiency, unbiasedness, consistency, likelihood theory, hypothesis testing, confidence intervals, and asymptotic inference.

  • Point estimation
  • Sufficiency and completeness
  • Maximum likelihood estimation
  • Hypothesis testing
  • Confidence intervals and asymptotics
Open Inference Notes

Linear Programming

Polyhedra · Duality · Simplex method · Sensitivity

Notes on linear optimization, feasible regions, standard forms, primal and dual formulations, complementary slackness, Farkas' lemma, and simplex geometry.

  • Standard and canonical forms
  • Primal and dual formulations
  • Weak and strong duality
  • Complementary slackness
  • Simplex geometry
Open LP Notes

Nonlinear Programming

Convexity · KKT theory · Lagrangian duality · Algorithms

Notes on convex sets, convex functions, unconstrained and constrained optimization, Lagrangian methods, KKT conditions, and nonlinear programming.

  • Convex sets and convex functions
  • First-order and second-order conditions
  • Lagrangian formulation
  • KKT conditions
  • Convex duality
Open NLP Notes

Extreme Value Theory

Rare events · Maxima · Exceedances · Tail risk

Notes on modelling rare and extreme events, including block maxima, threshold exceedances, generalized extreme value distributions, generalized Pareto models, tail index estimation, and extreme quantile inference.

  • Block maxima and GEV limits
  • Peaks over threshold
  • Generalized Pareto distribution
  • Tail index estimation
  • Extreme quantile estimation
Open EVT Notes